- Algeria
- Bahrain
- Egypt
- State of Palestine
- Iran
- Iraq
- Israel
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Libya
- Morocco
- Oman
- Saudi Arabia
- Syria
- Tunisia
- United Arab Emirates
- Yemen
The inclusion of these countries in the list of Middle East and North African countries is based on the definition used by UNIDO at the time the Observatory project was initiated at the end of 2019.